- Remove and Recreate physical LVM Partition(\/dev\/sda2)\n<\/li>
- Extend LVM Physical Volume(pvresize)\n<\/li>
- Extend LVM Logical Volume(lvresize)\n<\/li>
- Extend Filesystem into remaining space(xfs_growfs\/\/resize2fs)\n<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
In this example a Cloud Server configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Configuration:
CPU: 2 vCore
RAM: 2 GB
SSD: 80 GB <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/unsrewiki.1sys1.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/1.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nNow our Server has been upgraded:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Configuration:
CPU: 2 vCore
RAM: 4 GB
SSD: 120 GB <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nIn order to increase the storage capacity of the SSD, we must adjust the hard disk configuration in our server’s operating system. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
When we use df -h command to list disk free space, we will noticed that there is no changes happened to the root directory. However fdisk -l command showing us the new Disk Space has been added.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/unsrewiki.1sys1.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/2-1.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nNow we start increasing our Storage capacity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 1: Delete\/Recreate the LVM partition using fdisk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# fdisk \/dev\/sda\nWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).\n\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\nBe careful before using the write command.\n\n\nCommand (m for help):\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nFirst, we list Server’s Partition (p)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): p\n\nDisk \/dev\/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes, 251658240 sectors\nUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nDisk label type: dos\nDisk identifier: 0x000e254e\n\n Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System\n\/dev\/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux\n\/dev\/sda2 2099200 167772159 82836480 8e Linux LVM<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThen, we delete \/dev\/sda2 (d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): d\nPartition number (1,2, default 2): 2\nPartition 2 is deleted<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nAfter that, we re-create \/dev\/sda2 again (n)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): n\nPartition type:\n p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)\n e extended\nSelect (default p): p\nPartition number (2-4, default 2): 2\nFirst sector (2099200-251658239, default 2099200):\nUsing default value 2099200\nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-251658239, default 251658239):\nUsing default value 251658239\nPartition 2 of type Linux and of size 119 GiB is set<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nPlease note that, to use the entire space, we select First & Last sectors. Now we print Server’s Partition again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): p\n\nDisk \/dev\/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes, 251658240 sectors\nUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nDisk label type: dos\nDisk identifier: 0x000e254e\n\n Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System\n\/dev\/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux\n\/dev\/sda2 2099200 251658239 124779520 83 Linux\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nNow we change \/dev\/sda2 System type from Linux <\/strong>to Linux LVM<\/strong> (t). If you don’t know what type code you can list all types by (L).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): t\nPartition number (1,2, default 2): 2\nHex code (type L to list all codes): L\n\n 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix \/ old Lin bf Solaris\n 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap \/ So c1 DRDOS\/sec (FAT-\n 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS\/sec (FAT-\n 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS\/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS\/sec (FAT-\n 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx\n 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data\n 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP\/M \/ CTOS \/ .\n 7 HPFS\/NTFS\/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility\n 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt\n 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access\n a OS\/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R\/O\n b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD\/OS e4 SpeedStor\n c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP\/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs\n e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT\n f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12\/16\/\n10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux\/PA-RISC b\n11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor\n12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor\n14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary\n16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS \/ HFS+ fb VMware VMFS\n17 Hidden HPFS\/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE\n18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto\n1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep\n1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC\/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT\n1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nLinux LVM type code is: 8e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e\nChanged type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nCommand (m for help): p\n\nDisk \/dev\/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes, 251658240 sectors\nUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nDisk label type: dos\nDisk identifier: 0x000e254e\n\n Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System\n\/dev\/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux\n\/dev\/sda2 2099200 251658239 124779520 8e Linux LVM\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nAfter changing type to Linux LVM, we need to save these changes to the Operating System Kernel (w).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): w\nThe partition table has been altered!\n\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\n\nWARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.\nThe kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at\nthe next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)\nSyncing disks.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nNow to apply all of the changes, it either by rebooting our Server, or use partprobe Command to inform the OS of partition table changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# partprobe<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nNow, we Resize LVM physical volume<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# pvresize \/dev\/sda2\n Physical volume \"\/dev\/sda2\" changed\n 1 physical volume(s) resized or updated \/ 0 physical volume(s) not resized<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nWe use pvs command to verify the changes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# pvs\n PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree\n \/dev\/sda2 centos lvm2 a-- <119.00g 40.00g<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nNow, we Resize LVM Logical volume<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# lvresize -l +100%FREE \/dev\/mapper\/centos-root\n Size of logical volume centos\/root changed from <77.00 GiB (19711 extents) to <117.00 GiB (29951 extents).\n Logical volume centos\/root successfully resized.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nCheck the File System with mount command to grow filesystem into remaining space<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# mount | grep centos-root\n\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root on \/ type xfs (rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nUse xfs_growfs command to grow filesystem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# xfs_growfs \/dev\/mapper\/centos-root\nmeta-data=\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root isize=512 agcount=19, agsize=1113856 blks\n = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1\n = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0\ndata = bsize=4096 blocks=20184064, imaxpct=25\n = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks\nnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1\nlog =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2\n = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1\nrealtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0\ndata blocks changed from 20184064 to 30669824<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nUse df -h to verify<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# df -h\nFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root 117G 7.6G 110G 7% \/\ndevtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% \/dev\ntmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% \/dev\/shm\ntmpfs 1.9G 13M 1.9G 1% \/run\ntmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% \/sys\/fs\/cgroup\n\/dev\/sda1 1014M 336M 679M 34% \/boot\ntmpfs 378M 12K 378M 1% \/run\/user\/42\ntmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% \/run\/user\/0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nNow, our Server has been upgraded and the Disk Space has been upgraded.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
This is the process of increasing the LVM Partition to fill use up added disk space after a cloud server is reconfigured. Overview: Remove and Recreate physical LVM Partition(\/dev\/sda2) Extend LVM Physical Volume(pvresize) Extend LVM Logical Volume(lvresize) Extend Filesystem into remaining space(xfs_growfs\/\/resize2fs) In this example a Cloud Server configuration: Configuration: CPU: 2 vCore RAM: 2…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,4,7,1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=301"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":309,"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301\/revisions\/309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server-help.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}